Database Sharding

This handles horizontal database partitioning when you've outgrown a single server or need geographic distribution. It covers the main sharding strategies: range-based (split by ID ranges), hash-based (distribute via consistent hashing), and directory-based (lookup table routing). You get practical SQL examples for defining shards with constraint checks and routing logic. The approach is solid for multi-tenant isolation or when read/write throughput becomes your bottleneck. One thing to note is that cross-shard queries get messy fast, so pick your shard key carefully upfront. The reference guides break down each strategy separately, which helps when you're trying to decide between them based on your access patterns.