Valgrind

This walks you through Valgrind's suite of memory and profiling tools. Memcheck catches heap corruption, use-after-free, and leaks with full stack traces. Cachegrind simulates cache behavior, Callgrind builds call graphs for KCachegrind, and Massif tracks heap growth over time. The guide covers compilation flags, interpreting output, writing suppressions for third-party noise, and when to reach for ASan instead. Valgrind runs 10-50x slower than native, but it works without root access and catches errors that sanitizers miss. Good for CI pipelines and environments where you can't recompile with instrumentation.