🚆 sbb-opendata-mcp
🇨🇭 Part of the Swiss Public Data MCP Portfolio
MCP server connecting AI models to Swiss Federal Railways (SBB) open data – passenger frequency, live rail disruptions, infrastructure & real-estate projects, train counts, platform data, rolling stock and station search from data.sbb.ch. No API key required.
🇩🇪 Deutsche Version
Demo
Overview
sbb-opendata-mcp gives AI assistants like Claude direct access to public SBB
data – no copy-pasting or manual API calls. A question like "How many passengers
passed through Zürich HB every day in 2024?" is answered with real measured data.
The SBB Open Data portal speaks the OpenDataSoft REST API (v2.1). This server
translates it into clean Markdown and JSON for the AI model, and adds MCP
structuredContent alongside the human-readable text so programmatic clients can
consume the underlying records without re-parsing. The server is model-agnostic
and works with any MCP-compatible client.
Anchor demo query: "Compare Zürich HB, Bern and Basel SBB by passenger frequency and platform capacity."
→ More use cases by audience →
Features
- 📊 Passenger frequency – boardings/alightings by station and year (daily averages)
- 🚨 Live rail disruptions – traffic messages, updated every 5 minutes
- 🏗️ Infrastructure projects – station and line construction
- 🏢 Real-estate projects – SBB property development (daily updates)
- 🚆 Trains per segment – train counts per route (SBB, BLS, SOB …)
- 🛤️ Platform data – length, type, area, step-free access
- 🚃 Rolling stock – capacity and year built
- 🔁 Station comparison – up to 10 stations across multiple datasets
- 🔍 Stop search – Swiss DiDok register (all of Switzerland)
- 📦 Dataset catalogue – list all ~89 SBB open datasets
- 🔑 No API key – all data is public and free to use
- ☁️ Dual transport – stdio for Claude Desktop, Streamable HTTP for cloud deployment
Prerequisites
- Python 3.11+
- No API key — all data comes from the public data.sbb.ch portal
Install uv (recommended):
curl -LsSf https://astral.sh/uv/install.sh | sh
Installation
From PyPI:
pip install sbb-opendata-mcp
Or with uvx (no permanent installation):
uvx sbb-opendata-mcp
For local development, install from a clone in editable mode:
git clone https://github.com/malkreide/sbb-opendata-mcp.git
cd sbb-opendata-mcp
pip install -e ".[dev]"
Quickstart
# Start the server (stdio mode for Claude Desktop)
sbb-opendata-mcp
Try it immediately in Claude Desktop:
"How many people boarded at Zürich HB daily in 2024?"
"Are there any current disruptions on the Swiss rail network?"
Configuration
Environment Variables
The server needs no configuration to run over stdio. The variables below tune the
optional Streamable HTTP transport, logging and observability.
| Variable | Effect | Default |
|---|
MCP_HOST | Bind host for the HTTP transport. Keep 127.0.0.1 locally; only bind 0.0.0.0 inside a controlled container/cloud environment. | 127.0.0.1 |
MCP_PORT | Port for the HTTP transport. | 8000 |
MCP_ALLOWED_HOSTS | Comma-separated host allow-list for DNS-rebinding protection (e.g. your-app.onrender.com,your-app.onrender.com:*). | localhost only |
MCP_ALLOWED_ORIGINS | Comma-separated browser-origin allow-list (e.g. https://your-app.onrender.com). | (none) |
LOG_LEVEL | Log verbosity (DEBUG/INFO/WARNING/…). | INFO |
LOG_FORMAT | json for structured logs; anything else for human-readable text. Always written to stderr. | text |
🔒 DNS-rebinding / Origin protection is always on; localhost is allow-listed
so local HTTP development works out of the box. Logs go to stderr — stdout is
reserved for the stdio JSON-RPC channel.
Claude Desktop Configuration
{
"mcpServers": {
"sbb-opendata": {
"command": "uvx",
"args": ["sbb-opendata-mcp"]
}
}
}
Config file locations:
- macOS:
~/Library/Application Support/Claude/claude_desktop_config.json
- Windows:
%APPDATA%\Claude\claude_desktop_config.json
Restart Claude Desktop — the server is downloaded automatically on first use.
Other MCP Clients
Works with Cursor, Windsurf, VS Code + Continue, LibreChat, Cline and self-hosted
models via mcp-proxy — same configuration as above.
Cloud Deployment (Streamable HTTP)
For use via claude.ai in the browser or remote servers (e.g. Render.com). The cloud transport is Streamable HTTP (endpoint /mcp).
Docker (recommended):
# Build + run with explicit resource limits (see docker-compose.yml)
docker compose up --build
# → http://127.0.0.1:8000/mcp
The image is a multi-stage build running as a non-root user; docker-compose.yml
adds read_only, no-new-privileges and memory/CPU/PID limits.
Manual / Render.com:
pip install -e .
# Bind publicly (behind a rate-limiting reverse proxy) and configure
# DNS-rebinding / Origin protection for your hostname:
export MCP_HOST=0.0.0.0
export MCP_ALLOWED_HOSTS="your-app.onrender.com,your-app.onrender.com:*"
export MCP_ALLOWED_ORIGINS="https://your-app.onrender.com"
python -m sbb_opendata_mcp.server --http --port 8000
⚠️ Binding: In a network transport the server binds to 127.0.0.1 by
default so a locally started server is not exposed to your whole network.
Set MCP_HOST=0.0.0.0 only in a container/cloud environment where binding
to all interfaces is intended (the Docker image does this for you), and place
the server behind a reverse proxy that enforces rate limiting (and
authentication, if the endpoint should not be public). See SECURITY.md.
Available Tools
| Tool | Description | Data Update |
|---|
sbb_get_passenger_frequency | Boardings/alightings by station and year (daily avg.) | Annual |
sbb_get_rail_disruptions | Live rail traffic messages | Every 5 min. |
sbb_get_infrastructure_construction_projects | Infrastructure construction (stations, lines) | Ongoing |
sbb_get_real_estate_projects | SBB real estate development projects | Daily |
sbb_get_trains_per_segment | Train counts per route segment (SBB, BLS, SOB …) | Annual |
sbb_get_platform_data | Platform data (length, type, area) | Ongoing |
sbb_get_rolling_stock | Rolling stock (capacity, year built) | Ongoing |
sbb_compare_stations | Compare up to 10 stations (multi-dataset) | – |
sbb_search_stations | Search stops (Swiss DiDok register, all CH) | Ongoing |
sbb_list_datasets | List all ~89 SBB open datasets | – |
All tools support response_format: "markdown" (human-readable) and "json"
(machine-readable), plus pagination. Every tool also returns MCP structuredContent
(the underlying records/metadata) alongside the rendered text.
Example Use Cases
| Query | Tool |
|---|
| "How many people boarded at Zürich HB daily in 2024?" | sbb_get_passenger_frequency |
| "Are there any current disruptions on the Swiss rail network?" | sbb_get_rail_disruptions |
| "Compare Zürich HB, Bern and Basel SBB" | sbb_compare_stations |
| "Which SBB construction projects are active in Zürich?" | sbb_get_infrastructure_construction_projects |
| "How many trains run yearly on the Zürich–Winterthur route?" | sbb_get_trains_per_segment |
| "Which stops exist in Wädenswil?" | sbb_search_stations |
→ More use cases by audience
Architecture
┌─────────────────┐ ┌───────────────────────────┐ ┌──────────────────────────┐
│ Claude / AI │────▶│ SBB Open Data MCP │────▶│ data.sbb.ch │
│ (MCP Host) │◀────│ (MCP Server) │◀────│ │
└─────────────────┘ │ │ │ OpenDataSoft REST v2.1 │
│ 10 Tools │ │ (public, no API key) │
│ Stdio | Streamable HTTP │ │ │
│ │ │ passagierfrequenz │
│ Shared httpx client │ │ rail-traffic-information │
│ (pooled, lifespan-managed)│ │ construction-projects │
│ ODSQL escaping + Pydantic │ │ perron · rollmaterial │
│ validation │ │ zugzahlen · dienststellen│
└───────────────────────────┘ └──────────────────────────┘
Project Structure
sbb-opendata-mcp/
├── src/sbb_opendata_mcp/
│ ├── __init__.py
│ └── server.py # FastMCP server, all 10 tool definitions
├── tests/
│ └── test_server.py # Unit + live API smoke tests
├── audits/ # MCP best-practice audit evidence
├── docs/assets/demo.svg # README demo asset
├── .github/workflows/ci.yml # GitHub Actions (Python 3.11/3.12/3.13)
├── Dockerfile # Multi-stage, non-root runtime image
├── docker-compose.yml # Local run with resource limits
├── claude_desktop_config.json # Example Claude Desktop config
├── pyproject.toml
├── CHANGELOG.md
├── CONTRIBUTING.md
├── SECURITY.md
├── EXAMPLES.md
├── LICENSE
├── README.md # This file (English)
└── README.de.md # German version
Safety & Limits
- Read-only: All 10 tools perform read-only HTTP GET requests — no data is written, modified, or deleted upstream.
- No personal data: Queries are transient and not stored. The portal returns aggregated statistics, infrastructure and operational metadata. No PII is processed or retained.
- No API key: Data is public and free. There is no authentication and no secret to manage.
- Injection-hardened:
year/canton are regex-validated and every value interpolated into an ODSQL where clause is escaped via a central helper.
- Data freshness: Real-time tools (disruptions) reflect the upstream source at query time; statistical datasets update annually/daily (see the tool table).
- Terms of service: Data is published under the data.sbb.ch licence (NonCommercialAllowed-CommercialAllowed-ReferenceRequired).
- No guarantees: This server is a community project, not affiliated with SBB. Availability depends on the upstream API.
See SECURITY.md for the full security posture.
Known Limitations
- Passenger frequency: Updated annually; the latest full year may lag by some months.
- Rail disruptions: Returns all current Swiss rail messages → use
limit and pagination.
- Trains per segment: Counts are yearly aggregates, not real-time.
- Station search: Covers the full Swiss DiDok register (all operators), not just SBB.
- No rate limiting of its own: Place a public HTTP deployment behind a rate-limiting reverse proxy.
Testing
No API key is required.
# Unit tests (no network required)
PYTHONPATH=src pytest tests/ -m "not live"
# Live API smoke tests (require network access to data.sbb.ch)
PYTHONPATH=src pytest tests/ -m live
Changelog
See CHANGELOG.md
Contributing
See CONTRIBUTING.md
License
MIT License — see LICENSE
Author
Hayal Oezkan · github.com/malkreide
Credits & Related Projects
Installation
Run via uv's uvx — no clone or manual install needed. Add to your MCP client config (mcpServers for Claude Desktop, Cursor and Windsurf; use a top-level servers key for VS Code in .vscode/mcp.json):
{
"mcpServers": {
"sbb-opendata-mcp": {
"command": "uvx",
"args": [
"sbb-opendata-mcp"
]
}
}
}
